Degenerative arthritis affects the metatarsophalangeal joint at the base of the big toe, causing pain and stiffness. Which term describes this condition?

• A. Hallux valgus
• B. Bunion
• C. Hallux rigidus
• D. Metatarsalgia

Answer: (C)

Degenerative arthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint at the base of the big toe leads to pain and stiffness, especially with push-off during walking. The term that best fits this pattern is hallux rigidus. It describes arthritis affecting the first MTP joint, which causes limited motion, particularly dorsiflexion, and a stiff, painful big toe.

To distinguish from other terms: hallux valgus is a deformity where the big toe drifts toward the other toes, often with a bunion—the prominent bump at the joint. Bunion refers to that swelling and prominence, usually linked to the deformity rather than primary arthritis. Metatarsalgia is general pain under the metatarsal heads, not specifically arthritis of the first MTP joint.