Which hereditary metabolic disease is characterized by excessive uric acid and acute arthritis?

• A. Gout
• B. Anesthetic
• C. Ganglion cyst
• D. Achilles tendon

Answer: (A)

Excess uric acid from a purine metabolism problem leads to the formation of monosodium urate crystals in joints, triggering sudden, painful, swollen arthritis. This pattern—hyperuricemia with acute inflammatory arthritis—is the hallmark of gout, a hereditary metabolic disease. The other options don’t fit because they are not metabolic disorders causing high uric acid or acute joint inflammation: an anesthetic is a drug, a ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled lump from a joint or tendon sheath, and the Achilles tendon refers to a tendon, not a metabolic disease.