Which term describes restricted motion at the base joint of the big toe?

• A. hallux valgus
• B. hallux rigidus
• C. hallux limitus
• D. metatarsalgia

Answer: (C)

Restricted motion at the base joint of the big toe refers to limited range of motion at the first metatarsophalangeal joint, especially dorsiflexion during push-off. The best term for this is hallux limitus, which specifically describes a partial restriction in movement at that joint and can progress if the condition worsens. Hallux limitus reflects the early stage where motion is reduced but not completely lost, often due to cartilage wear or osteophyte formation.

In contrast, hallux valgus is a bunion with lateral deviation of the big toe, a deformity rather than a ROM limitation. Hallux rigidus denotes a more advanced, near- or complete loss of motion at the same joint. Metatarsalgia refers to generalized pain under the ball of the foot, not limited to the big toe joint’s motion.